练口语完全可以不靠别人

出场人物：张耘北京外国语大学英语学院教授，北京比较文学研究会副会长。已在北外任教40余年，主要研究领域是美国戏剧及现代西方戏剧。自70年代到90年代多次主持中央人民广播电台英语教学节目，制作英语教学电视节目，并主持《新起点英语》中级英语电视教学节目，参加编写《朗文英汉词典》、《外国名作家大词典》等。

对于很多学习英语的成年人，说英语是一个难关。常常有人问我怎样才能练好口语，他们抱怨张不开口，说不出话，心里很着急。在这里我想就如何提高英语口语谈谈自己的认识和体会。

首先谈谈提高口语的几个步骤。这几步要一步一个脚印地走：第一步是出声朗读口语课文、精读课文或其他容易上口的读物。每天抽一点时间放声朗读，使自己听得见自己的声音，渐渐做到流利、顺畅。这样不仅使自己对语言熟悉起来而且也会使自己对有声的语言产生一种实实在在的感受。

第二步是在朗读的基础上选择容易上口而且有较强实用性的课文或段落进行背诵，也要求出声背，要朗读很多遍、重复很多次才能背下来，这便是一个有声地学习和记忆的过程，背熟了的东西不会轻易忘记，它们已经逐渐成了你自己掌握的语言。

第三步是在背诵的基础上对一篇课文、一个故事或一段对话的内容用自己的话复述出来，用自己掌握的词汇和 语法把一段事讲清楚，这时已背熟的东西往往会自动跳出来帮你讲故事。到了这个阶段你不仅能把已经扎扎实实学过的语言讲出来，有时甚至可以脱口而出；这会使 你学习英语的信心倍增，同时你也尝到了学习的甜头，增加了兴趣，这种感觉是美妙的。经过这几步艰苦的过程，你的口语能力便提高了，如果持之以恒，效果会十 分明显。

其次，练习口语也要强调自力更生。人们往往认为练口语得靠别人，其实不然。大家一定有过这样的体会，两个人作对话练习半天说不出几句，去英语角也开不了口。其原因除了胆怯之外，主要还是自己的功夫不到家。

首 先要按前面三个步骤做，其次要提倡自言自语，自问自答。在学习的各个阶段都可以这样做。例如学习了What’s this?之后便可以把能够用的名词都拿来练；在学习了现在进行时之后便可以自问自答”What are you doing?” “I’m speaking English.” 而且把学过的合适的动词都一一练习多遍；在学了过去时之后便可以把昨天、上周、去年的各种事讲一遍。水平进一步提高的时候还可以边看电视（电影）边用最简 单的词汇作陈述，这便是最初的“口译”了。能说多少说多少，或看完之后用自己的话把故事讲一讲。

这种练习很灵活，很可靠，有几分钟便可以练几句，上下班路上可以练，茶余饭后可以练，等公共汽车也可以练，只要你坚持几周之后便有成效，这时你再找人练对话便不发憷了，甚至可以主动发挥了。你学习英语的路子也愈走愈宽了，如果能坚持下去，你的英语便一定能讲好。

生命因朋友而完整

名人名言即经典性的著作和权威性的言论，这样的语言总是会带来振聋发聩、醍醐灌顶的效果，所谓“一句话改变人生”就是如此吧。如果某一天，在某一个 地方，曾经有那么一句话深深出动了你柔韧的心房，希望你愿意与我一起分享。鲁迅说：“真的猛士，敢于直面惨淡的人生，敢于正视淋漓的鲜血。”不管现实如 何，不管未来如何，希望我们永远斗志昂扬！

1. Throughout life, we rely on small groups of people for love, admiration, respect, moral support and help.
整个一生， 我们都有赖于从一些人群中获得友爱、赏识、尊重、道义支持和帮助。－Ralph Waldo Emerson（美国思想家爱默生）

2. He that will not allow his friend to share the prize must not expect him to share the danger.
不肯让朋友共享果实的人，不要指望朋友与他共患难。－Aesop（古希腊寓言作家伊索）

3. No man is the whole of himself; his friends are the rest of him.
任何人自己都不是完整的；他的朋友是他的其余部分。－Harry Emerson Fosdick（美国牧师福斯迪克）

4. A man is called selfish, not pursuing his own good, but neglecting his neighbour’s.
追求自身的利益，不是自私；只有忽视他人的利益，才是自私。－Richard Whately (美国牧师惠特利)

5. People need to know one another to be at their honest best.
人们需要相互了解才能达到最诚实的境界。－(Robbins Staca（英国作家斯达卡）

6. Admonish your friends privately, but praise them openly.
要私下告诫朋友，但是要公开夸奖朋友。－Publius Syrus（叙利亚作家西拉丁）

7. Friendship is both a source of pleasure and a component of good health.
友谊既是快乐之源泉，又是健康之要素。－Ralph Waldo Emerson（美国思想家爱默生）

8. It takes a lot of thought and effort and downright determination to be agreeable.
要做到与人融洽相处，需要仔细地思考，认真地努力和痛下决心。－Ralph Waldo Emerson（美国思想家爱默生）

9. The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.
衡量一个人真正的品质，要看他在知道永远也不会被人发现的情况下做些什么。－Thomas Bobington Macaulay（英国历史学家麦考莱）

10. When you want knowledge like you want air under water then you will get it.
当你需要知识就像你在水底需要空气时，你准能得到它。－Socrates（古希腊哲学家苏格拉底）

11. There is something that is much more scarce, something rarer than ability. It is the ability to recognize.
有的东西比才能稀罕得多，珍贵得多，这就是识别的能力。－Robert Half（英国作家哈夫）

12. Love is ever the beginning of knowledge as fire is of light.
知识总是从爱好开始，犹如光总是从火开始一样。－Thomas Carlyle（英国历史学家卡莱尔）

说一口地道口语的对策

Speaking good English isn’t difficult if you are ready to spend time on it and have more patience. In order to make it all you have to do is conquer some 200-300 sentence patterns and about 2000 words. This is absolutely not nonsense. If you read any situational English book and try to collect all the useful words and sentence patterns from it, you’ll know what I am saying here is definitely correct!
只是你肯花时间和有耐性，要讲一口漂亮的英语并不难。因为只要掌握常用的200-300个句型和2000个左右的单词即可畅所欲言!这并非无废话哦，不妨找本情景会话英语书仔细看看，并把每个情景的常用的句型和词汇摘录就可知道我所说的是否属实了。

Like I said, all you have to do is spend time on it and have patience and your learning habit need to be changed a little bit. Once you decide to do so, keep stick to it and you’ll succeed in not time!

而现在你所需要做的是改变学习英语的习惯并需要的时间和耐性。决心已定，则必须坚持，那么学好口语指日可待！

My advice here goes: A situational English book with tapes is the end solution for your conquering oral English and with no extra cost anymore.
It can help you with your pronunciation and let you have the sense you need when you speak English. Furthermore you can have all the practical sentence patterns and vocabularies together.

我的建议是：一本带磁带的情景会话英语手册即是你征服英语口语的最终解决方案而无须再做更多无谓的投资。你可以借助它来攻克发音和培养英语语感。且同时掌握了常用的词汇和句型。

Using it is one of the most important rules which you need to bear in mind.
I never doubt that you can remember ten or more sentences a day, but without using it, it’s not yours. And you’ll forget it soon as time goes.

用你所学是一条需要紧记的原则。我不怀疑你一天能记住10条或更多的句子，但不去用它还不是你的。且日久定忘掉。

Writing daily journal or participating in some topic is a good way to practice English. Writing means a lot, I think, because it allows you enough time to think. You won’t have this in real situation. I am sure that you can talk whatever you can write. Because the source is the same.

如写日记或参加专题讨论就是训练英语的最好方法。写尤其重要，因为写有足够的时间让你去想。这在真实环境中是不可能有的。能写什么自然就能说什么，因为无论写还是说都是来自大脑。

如何做女人？

Hundreds of different ideas were shared in these articles. I took notes on every article, and I noticed several recurring themes. If I were to write my own “How to Be a Woman” article to summarize some of the strongest and most frequent ideas, it would include the following 10 pieces of advice: 1. Get to know your authentic self. Discover the real you. Don’t blindly accept the role you were conditioned by others to fill. You have your own path to follow. Be your own independent person. Don’t allow peer pressure to force you into an inauthentic role. 2. Own your power. Accept full responsibility for your life. Don’t live as a doormat, a sheep, or a victim. Stop giving away your power. You must accept that you’re the creator of your life and that no one is coming to rescue you. Many women stressed the importance of taking responsibility for your own financial future instead of leaving it in the hands of a spouse. 3. Find your voice. Build the courage to express yourself authentically. Speak your truth. You deserve to be heard. If others react negatively, that’s their problem. Ask for what you want; you can’t expect others to be mind-readers. You teach others how you want to be treated — not by dropping hints but by telling them directly. If you don’t speak up for yourself, who will? 4. Find your tribe. Consciously build and nurture a supportive network of positive relationships, including family and friends. Drop relationships that drain you; maintaining them is self-abuse. If you don’t like your current relationships, it’s up to you to change that. Surround yourself with good people who love you and inspire you. You deserve the very best relationships. 5. Practice self-care. Avoid overwhelm by taking time to sharpen the saw. Give yourself permission to do what you enjoy. Demands from other people can wait. Accept that you can’t do everything for everyone. You can’t give to others when you’re empty inside. 6. Express your creative side. Cultivate outlets for creative self-expression. Explore music, art, writing, poetry, etc. Build a business. Be artistic. Put your ideas into physical form. 7. Embrace conscious sexuality. You and you alone must decide the role sex will play in your life. There are no right or wrong answers. If you want it and enjoy it, let that be enough. Different women had widely varying opinions on what kind of sexual expression they personally preferred, ranging from waiting until marriage to having guilt-free one-night stands. But the commonality was that they consciously decided and accepted what was right for them, regardless of how other people felt about it. 8. Be beautiful. True beauty comes from the inside. It can’t be found beneath a load of cosmetics and surgical alterations. Recognize that you’re a beautiful person on the inside, and you’ll broadcast that awareness on the outside. You are beautiful. 9. Keep your heart open. Regardless of how badly you may have been hurt in the past, keep your heart open. You’re stronger than you think. The rewards of love outweigh the risks of being hurt again. You’re here to express love, not to live in fear. 10. Become wise. You are highly intuitive, so work on deepening your ability to trust your intuition. Keep learning and growing. In the long run, your wisdom will become one of your greatest assets, both as a way to meet your own needs and to help others. (Many women placed a very high value on developing their wisdom.) Reading all of these pieces was amazingly eye-opening. I offer a huge “thank you” to everyone who chose to participate. The point of articles such as these isn’t to dictate how you’re supposed to live. The point is to offer you different perspectives to consider, so you can make more conscious and deliberate choices for yourself. Being a man or woman isn’t about blindly following popular gender patterns, nor is it about rejecting such patterns out of hand and rebelliously embracing their opposites. Ultimately you must define what kind of man or woman you will become. This is a choice you must make for yourself as an individual, regardless of what anyone else thinks. What kind of man/woman do you wish to be? Life awaits your answer… I must say that I’m in awe of just how incredibly beautiful and insightful the readers of this site are. Thanks again for sharing your voice! 原文链接：http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/hushuwei/30510/dz

这些文章分享了成百个不同的观点。我为每篇文章都做了标记，我发现有一些重复的主题。如果我自己写一篇“如何成为女人”的文章来总结最强烈最频繁的观点时，这篇文章将包含以下10条忠告： 1，认识你自己。 发现真实的你。不要盲目的接受别人所习惯的你的角色。你有自己的路去走。成为独立自主的你自己。不要使压力强迫你扮演不真实的角色。 2，拥有自己的力量。 承担起你生命的所有责任。不要活得像个擦鞋垫，绵羊，或者受害者。不要放弃你的力量。你必须接受你是你生命的创造者。没有人来拯救你。许多女性强调自己的财政未来的重要性而不是放任于配偶关系中。 3，倾听你的声音。 真实地建立起表达自己的勇气。说出你的事实。你值得倾听。如果别人反应很消极，那是他们的问题。问问你想要什么；你不能指望别人有读心术。你告诉别人你想被如何对待–不是给出提示而是直接告诉他们。如果你不能为自己大声说出，还有谁会这样做呢？ 4，寻找你的部落。 有意识地建立和培养一个积极的关系网络，包括家庭和朋友；结束耗着你的关系；维持这些关系是自责。如果你不喜欢当前的关系，由你来决定改变。使围绕你周围的都是爱你和鼓舞你的人。你值得拥有最好的关系。 5，实践自我保健。 避免过多的时间以利于敏锐的发现。允许自己做喜欢的事情。别人的需要可以等等。承认你不能为所有人做所有事。档你内心是空的时，你就不能给别人东西。 6，表达你的创造性。 培养表达创造性的渠道。探究音乐，美术，书法，诗等等。建立一套商业模式。使自己更有艺术感。把你的想法变为实物形式。 7，拥抱有意识的性行为。 你 必须自己决定性在你的生命中扮演的角色。这没有对的和错的答案之分。如果你想要而且乐在其中，那就让自己满足。个人喜欢什么样的性的表达，不同的女性有不 同的看法，有人一直等到结婚，有人喜欢无罪的一夜情。公共的看法是自己决定和接受对他们来讲，什么是对的，而不用考虑别人是什么样的想法。 8，让自己美丽。 真美发自内心。化妆和整容不能使自己美丽。承认自己内在是一个美丽的人，然后通过外表传播出去，你是美丽的。 9，打开心灵。 无论你以前受了多么严重的伤害，都要敞开心扉。你比自己想像的要坚强。爱的回报重于再次受伤害。你生在世上是为了表达爱，而不是生活在担忧中。 10，明智起来。 你很有直觉，所以深化这种能力，相信自己的直觉。保持学习和成长。从长远来看，你的智慧会成为你最大的资产之一，对于满足自己的要求和帮助别人都是这样。（许多女性把增强智慧看的很重。） 读这些不可思议的开阔眼界。我对所有参与的人大声地说“谢谢”。 文章并不是要指示你应该如何生活，而是提供不同的观点供你参考，使你我自己做出更为深思熟虑的选择。 做 一名男性或者女性并不是盲目的遵从流行的性别模式，也不是全盘否定这些模式而不受控制地拥抱这些模式的反面。从根本上说，你必须决定你希望成为什么样的男 人或女人。无论其他任何人怎样想，作为一个个体，这是一个你必须自己做的选择。你希望成为什么样的男/女人?生活等待着你的答案… 我必须说，我敬畏这个网站的读者的难以置信的美丽和富有洞察力。再次感谢分享！

让每天都充满意义

One of the first personal development books I ever bought (the Magic of Psychic Power!) had a number in it that shocked me so much that I have remembered it ever since – 25,500. That, according to author David J Schwartz was the average number of days someone lives. (Life expectancy in the developed world has increased; in Japan it’s now around 82 years, near enough 30,000 days) When I first read that figure, aged around the age of 20, it seemed such a small figure. Now 30 years – or 11,000 days – later I’m rapidly eating into my allotment, if I’m lucky enough to get an average quota. The film American Beauty has a nice twist on the famous poster quote:- “Remember those posters that said, “Today is the first day of the rest of your life?” Well, that’s true with every day except one: the day that you die….” In the chapter of Schwartz’s book, he further illustrates his point by saying that every day 5500 Americans die (it’s a generally cheerful, uplifting book!). Without dwelling on that statistic, few of us like to contemplate that our death is as much a part of life as our birth. “No one gets out alive” Another perspective I often use, is to to say that today – December 31st 2008 – will never happen again. When its gone, its gone. Sure, you’ve got 1st January 2009 to look forward to (hopefully) and 31st December 2009 – plus the days in between. But why waste today when you won’t have it again? Steve Pavlina has a very good post on goal setting, well worth reading the whole thing. But towards the end he has this quote:- “I was once told by someone that I should end each day by crossing it off my calendar and saying out loud, “There goes another day of my life, never to return again.” Try this for yourself, and notice how much it sharpens your focus. When you end a day with the feeling that you would have lived it the same if you had the chance to repeat it, you gain a sense of gratitude that helps you focus on what’s really important to you. When you end the day with a feeling of regret or loss, you gain the awareness to try a different approach the next day” If we’re not careful, we don’t notice that the days are passing us by. We take the paths of least resistance, sticking within our comfort zone. We watch TV all evening rather than learn skills that will help us advance. We put up with unwarranted criticism, we passively submit to requests rather than assert our needs. We allow a lack of confidence to pass up on an opportunity. Lacking self confidence can be a barrier to making the most of life and enjoying the moment. If you are hesitant in your ability to achieve something, you may never start it. Low self esteem casts a negative shadow on your opinion of yourself. Even if you do things you have a low opinion of what you have done, and get no pleasure from achievement. Looking back over the past year, or even the past week, its by doing things and stretching myself that I feel I have made the most of my days. Or as the quote from Steve Pavlina says, I would live it the same way if allowed to repeat it. But, to use another cliche, life is not a rehearsal – there is no replay button. Moreover there is no erase and record again facility! I finish today, and this year, with a question I have recently read on FreetheDiva:- A bank credits your account each morning with £86,400. It carries over no balance to tomorrow. Every evening you lose the balance you failed to use during the day. What would you do? (I converted the $ to £ as the pound needs all the help it can get at the moment!) Well most people would withdraw every penny they could before they disappeared, and invest them as best they could. Yet everyday we are credited with 86,400 seconds, which disappear when the day is over. Most of us squander those seconds, let them slip by as if we have a limitless supply. Remember, if you fail to “invest” them, its your loss. I wish you all the best for 2009 – make the most of all 365 days.

我 曾经买过的一本在描写个人发展方面首开先河的书（心灵能量的魔力！），书中的一个数字深深地震撼了我，从那时起我便记住了它——25500，据此书作者 David J Schwartz所述，这个数字是人活着的平均天数。（在发达国家，人们对寿命的预期值有所增加；在日本，大概是82岁，将近30000天） 当我第一次看到这个数据时，作为一个20岁左右的年轻人，对我来说是多么小的数字。如果30年过去了或者是11000天——之后我将很快的耗费掉我的生命，如果我足够幸运的话，可能也会获得人均寿命的额度。 电影《美国蔷薇》在其著名的海报宣传语中运用了一个相当好的写作手法： “记住海报中所说的，‘今天是你余生的第一天吗？’是的，每天都是如此但是除了一天：就是你离开这世界的那一天…” 在Schwartz 的书中，他告诉我们每天去世的美国人有5500个（这是一本令人振奋的书），以此他进一步论述了他的观点。如果没有对数据进行详细的统计分析，几乎没有人 愿意将我们的死亡看做是生命的一部分，就像我们的诞生一样也是生命的组成部分。“没有人能活着离开这个世界的”。 我经常用的另一个观点是， 今天——2008年12月31日——不会再来一次。当它逝去的时候，它便永远的离我们而去了。当然，如果今天是2009年1月1 日，你也许会充满希望的期盼着2009年12月31日的到来——无论是其间的那一天。但是如果时间逝去不会再有，为什么我们还要浪费掉无数的今天呢？ Steve Pavlina 在目标设置方面发表过一个非常好的帖子，很值得我们一读。帖子的尾声是这样描述的： “有 人曾告诉过我，当一天过去的时候，我应该从日历中把它删除然后大声的说，‘我的生命又逝去了一天，而且不会再回来了。’不妨自己也试试，然后留心下它会让 我们的关注度增加多少。当一天结束的时候，如果你觉得要是有机会重来，你会用相同的方式来度过的话，你会充满感激，而这份感激会帮你更加关注生命中对你而 言真正重要的东西。当一天结束的时候，如果你觉得后悔或者迷失，你便会有意识在第二个黎明到来之时去尝试一种不同的过法 ” 如果我们不在意，我们不会留意到日子在一天天的逝去。我们选择的道路上布满最少的阻碍，安逸的呆在我们舒适的环境中。比起一些能让自身提高的技艺，我们却选择整夜的看电视。我们忍受不应有的指责，我们被动的服从要求，而不是坦言自己的需求。我们因为不自信而拒绝机遇。 自信心的缺乏会成为你大部分生活的障碍，也会阻碍你享受生活。如果你觉得你的能力在达到某目的方面不够自信的话，你就不要选择开始。自尊心的缺乏会对你自己的观点笼罩上一层消极的阴影。如果你没有认识到自己所做之事的意义所在，即使是成功了你也不会从中获得任何的快乐。 回 头看看过去的这些年，或者仅仅是过去的一周，对于你所做的事和你所做的努力，你觉得已经利用了大部分的时间。或者正如Steve Pavlina 所说的，如果可以重复来过，我会用同样的方式度过。但是，用另外一个俗语，生命是没有预演的——它没有重播按钮，它是不可删除的，在它的世界里也不存在可 以重录的设备！ 带着一个问题结束了今天，今年，它是最近我在FreetheDiva上阅读到的一个问题： 银行信贷记录中你的账户每天早上都有86400英镑。到明天就没有多少余额了。由于白天的使用不当导致你的收支不平衡。这时候你会怎么办？(我将美元转化成英镑，是因为在这时候强烈的打击急需所有能得到的帮助！) 大 部分的人都打算在钱消失前尽量撤回每一便士，然后以尽量好的方式做投资。每天银行贷款给我们的时限是86400秒，当一天结束，这些时限也到期了。我们中 的大部分人都会浪费掉这些时间，就像我们有无限的供应一样任由这些时间从身边溜走。切记，如果你这里投资失败，它就是你的损失。 2009年我致上我最好的祝福——希望大家充分利用所有的365天。

潮流口语：口语革命

爱使世界运转。 Love makes the world go around.

从绝望之山上砍下来一块希望之石。 Hew out of mountain of despair a stone of hope.

我知道你忙,我不会耽误你. I know you’re busy; I won’t keep you.

我现在处理不了这件事,留着明天再办吧. I’ll leave it until tomorrow.

永远不要放弃。 Never say die.

开心工作 – 换种方式看待工作

Did you ever think there was a better, different way to live? Did you ever think, “Maybe I don’t have to go to a job and work 40+ hours a week, feel exhausted, wish for more time for myself or my family, and wonder when the fun stuff begins?” If so, get ready: your life’s about to change. When I was a little girl, I woke up every morning with the sun. I opened my eyes, heard birds chirping outside my window, and smiled, thinking about the adventures of the coming day. Fast forward to my last corporate job, when I woke up with the alarm clock, slammed my hand down on the snooze button and laid in bed, a feeling of dread in the pit of my stomach, thinking about the eight hours I was about to spend working under fluorescent lights, in a small cubicle, so my boss could take credit for my work and someone else could profit. Why do we do this to ourselves? When I look back on the time I spent in Corporate America, I realize that I didn’t know any better. Despite the entrepreneurial spirit I’ve felt through my entire life, there was a period of time when it simply didn’t occur to me that my life belonged to me and I didn’t have to live according to the narrow path that had been defined for me. It took carpal tunnel syndrome and an inflexible corporate environment for me to realize that I desperately needed a change. And that’s what it took to remind me of the philosophy my dad taught me as a little girl, something I’d long forgotten: that work is what makes the rest of your life possible. From this perspective, “work” takes on substantially less meaning, while “life” takes center stage. I like this because it reminds me where my priorities lie. I’d much rather my tombstone read, “She truly lived,” than “She worked a lot.” It’s easy to say “work makes the rest of my life possible,” but how does it look in real life, and how do you put this into play in your own life? How it looks in real life: I wake up each morning, knowing that the day belongs to me. I have a schedule, but I’m not beholden to a boss or supervisor who will dock my pay or fire me if I decide the schedule doesn’t suit my mood that day. One of my priorities is my health and physical well-being, so most mornings I start my day off with a workout at the gym. Since my day is my own, I can work out without rushing, and that allows me to get to know the other members of my gym, which means it’s a social event as well. Then, depending on the day and what I’ve committed to, I may work with clients, do some writing for my blog, e-zine, the book I’m working on, or the other sites I write for, or read one of the several books I’m into at any given moment. Aside from scheduled meetings with clients and deadlines, I do what suits my mood the best – if I’m struggling for inspiration for my articles, I spend more time reading. If I’m in the mood to bake bread with my husband, I do. And I’ve structured my businesses so that if I want to get on a plane and fly to South America, England, or New Orleans for a weekend or a month, I can do it without a second thought and my income doesn’t change a bit. The point is, no day is completely consumed by work, it’s all flexible, and everything I do for “work” is something that I enjoy doing. If I don’t enjoy it, I either don’t do it or I find someone who does and I outsource that work to them. When I speak to groups, I’m often asked, “How many hours a week do you work?” Sure, just like Tim Ferriss, author of The 4-Hour Workweek, some weeks I only work four hours. But if I’m working on a book or one of my one-on-one clients is launching his/her business, I work at least forty. Those are the extremes: most weeks I stay somewhere in the twenty to twenty five hour range. But I can tell you this: I wake up with the sun and the birds chirping, just like I did when I was a little girl. I always wake up smiling, and I love what I do. But I’m not that different from you. I’m not overly lucky and nothing that special has happened that made this possible for me. Virtually anyone can do this. So how can you incorporate this into your own life? The mindset comes first. You have to take responsibility for your life and know that it is yours to live in whatever way that you want. Think this is easy? It’s not. This can be one of the scariest things you’ll ever do. But as Seth Godin recently wrote, “the riskiest thing you can do is play it safe.” So take a risk and believe that your life belongs to you. Second, figure out your priorities and your goals. What’s most important to you? Are there things you want to do, places you want to see? Maybe you just want more quality time with your family, or want more time to relax- that’s okay. The point is to figure out what’s most important to you. Third, design a business to suit your lifestyle goals. This is the most challenging aspect of applying this philosophy, because it requires some extra knowledge- what opportunities are out there, how to repurpose what you already know and/or do, how to brand yourself and market your business. There is no one-size-fits-all solution- a business model that works for one person may not be suited to another. Your best bet, the easiest and fastest way to accomplish this, is to work with someone who has successfully made the transition themselves, who knows the opportunities out there, can help you figure out what suits you best, help you put it all together and show you the ropes. Finally, be prepared to work to get to the point of living the dream. I’m not going to lie to you. It rarely happens overnight. Some of my clients have transitioned into this lifestyle (what I call the “Business in Blue Jeans lifestyle”) within a month or two, while others have taken a bit longer. Some of it depends on the industry you’re in and some depends on what you’re willing to put into it and how focused you are. Because the fact is, even though you aren’t working as much or as hard as before, in this lifestyle, when you are working, you need to be really focused. Ultimately, the bottom line is that when you’re working for a life that you’ve designed, when you love what you’re doing and when you know that you aren’t just putting in the time, everything changes. Change the way you view work, and you’ll completely change your life. 原文链接：http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/Kristine/28444?orgin=index

你是否想过有一种不同的生活方式会让你过得更好？ 你是否想过“也许我不必每周工作40多个小时至不知乐趣何在，还要筋疲力尽地祈求有更多时间给自己和家人”？ 如果你想过，那就做好准备吧！你的生活将要被改变。 当 我还是个小女孩的时候，每天早晨我都在阳光里醒来，睁开双眼，听鸟儿在我窗外啁啾而鸣，边微笑边幻想着接下来一天的奇妙旅程。可快进到我最后一段打工时光 看看：每天早晨我都在闹铃声中醒来，狠狠地拍停闹钟后复又躺回床上，感受着胃孔里的恐惧感觉，盘算着我将在小房间里荧光灯下度过的八小时—-让我获得 老板的良好评价让别人获益的八小时。 为何我们要这样对待自己？当我回望自己在美国企业中度过的时光，我发现我那时其实不知所谓。除去那种贯穿我全部生活的企业家精神，曾有一段时期，我完全感觉不到我的生活是属于我的，我只觉得我要在别人为我规划好的狭窄道路上前行。 后来，腕管综合症和死气沉沉的企业环境终于让我意识到：我迫切需要改变。也是在那时，某个我遗忘了好长一段时间的人生哲理重又浮现在我的脑海里，那是我小时候父亲教给我的哲理：工作，不过是一样满足你生活其余部分的事情。 从这种角度看来，“工作”不再那么意义重大，“生活”才是重心所在。我欣赏这句话，全因它让我知道什么才是对我最重要的，我宁愿我的墓碑上写着“她曾好好活过”，也不要写着“她勤奋工作过”。 说一句“工作只是满足我生活其余部分”很容易，可在现实生活中我们该如何看待工作呢？又该如何在自己的生活中实践这个哲理呢？ 在现实生活中该如何看待工作？ 现 在，每天早晨醒来，我都知道这一天是属于我的，我会安排好我的工作，但对于我的老板或者主管（在我自认某天的情绪不宜按照安排工作时，他们可是能扣减我的 薪水或者把我炒掉的人），我不会感激涕零。对我来说，身体健康是一大要事，所以我的日子大多会始于健身房里的晨练。既然日子都是我的，我可以从容安排每 天，得以认识一下健身房里的其他人（这意味着健身也是一项社会活动）。 然后，视乎那天的状况和我原本的打算，我可能会见顾客，也可能给自己 的博客、电子杂志、未完成的书或者其他向我约稿的网站写点什么，或者随时翻看一下最近正在看的书。除了预先安排好期限的顾客会议之外，我只做些最吻合当下 心情的事：要是我正苦于没有写作灵感，我会花多些时间看书；要是我想和我先生一起烤个面包，那我就去烤面包。由于我已经把自己的事情安排好，所以，当我想 坐飞机去南非、英国或者新奥尔良度个周末或者住上一个月的时候，我可以不加思索就走，而同时我的收入不受任何影响。 关键在于，我没有一天是全部耗费在工作上的，我灵活安排；而我做的所谓“工作”都是些我喜欢的事情，如果我不喜欢做某些事情，我要么不做，要么就把它们外包给喜欢做这些事情的人。 当 我给人们做演讲时，我经常会问，“你们每周工作多少小时？”，当然了，像《每周工作4小时》的作者阿添那样，有时我也会每周工作4小时；可一旦我要写书， 或者我某位需要一对一服务的客户要推行他的业务时，我每周至少工作40小时。这些都是极端情况，大多数时候，我大约每周工作20到25小时。不过我可以告 诉你，一如当年，现在我每天都在阳光鸟语中醒来，总是笑着醒来并且热爱我所做的一切。 其实你和我并无太多不同。我并非特别幸运，也没有发生什么特别的事情让我过上这种生活，事实上，每个人都可以过上这种生活。 如何在自己的生活中实践这个哲理？ 首先，心态最重要。你必须对自己的生活负责，并且明白，过上你想要的生活是你的责任。是不是觉得这很容易？其实不是，这可能是你做过的事情中最令你不安的一件。不过就像塞斯·戈丁最近写的：保守前行才是最冒险的事。所以呢，冒一下险吧！相信你的生活在你手里吧！ 其次，明确事情的优先级、定好你的目标。什么对你最重要？有没有什么是你想做的？有没有哪里是你想去的？也许你只是想要多些和家人在一起的美好时光，或者只是想放松一下，都没问题，关键在于，找出对你而言最重要的事情。 再 次，设计一种和你的生活目标相配的工作。这是整个实践中最富挑战性的一环，因为它需要一些额外的见识—-例如你要了解现在有些什么机会、要如何修正已 有的知识、要怎样宣传推广你和你的业务。没有万能的解决方案，适合这个人的模式未必适合另一个人。你最好的选择就是找一个已经成功转变的人来合作，这个人 知道机会在哪里、能够帮你找出最适合你的模式并且能够从千丝万缕中理出头绪，这就是最简单的捷径。 最后，准备好为实现梦想而工作。我不会骗 你说这能在一夜之间发生。我有些顾客用了一到两个月时间过上这种“穿牛仔裤工作”的生活方式，有些则用了更长的时间。这既取决于你所在的行业，也取决于你 愿意向其投入什么以及你能有多专注。因为事实是，尽管你不必再像从前那样费力费心工作，在这种生活方式里，当你要工作的时候，你还是要足够专注的。 归根结底，当你为自己所设计的生活而工作、热爱你所做的事情、明白你不是在耗费光阴时，一切都变了！改变你对工作的看法，也就彻底改变了你的生活。

学外语 为什么要背诵？

从一次教研室的会议谈起。在这次教研室的会议上，一位老教授慷慨陈辞地说，他现在要求学生背诵，学生很不配合，甚至问他，为什么要背。“我告诉他们，”老教授说，“为什么要背？我当年就是背出来的！”

在老教授慷慨陈辞的时候，我也在这个会议上，我当时觉得这位老教授还可以把背诵的好处分析得透彻一些。但碍于我当时的资历还很浅，没有敢于插话。
那么，我们为什么要背诵？

我 们分析一下，当你第一次学习一篇新的课文的时候，假如这篇课文对你来说有一些难度，你往往会倾向于把一句句英语译成中文，然后再试图理解这一句句话的意 思。但当你第二十遍读这篇课文的时候，也就是说当你对这篇课文非常熟悉了的时候，你是不会再走这样一条路线来理解课文的。不知不觉地，你已经从一条三角路 线：英语字面－－翻译成中文－－领会意思，过渡到了一条两点成一线的路线：英文字面－－直接领会意思！－－这就是背诵或熟读的意义。它强迫我们直接用英语 思维，虽然这时的英语思维是一种被动思维，－－是我们先见到文字，然后再领会意思，而不是先在大脑里有了一个idea,再形成自己的文字或语言，但这毕竟 是一种英语的直接思维，而不再借助汉语。想一想，假如我们自己在说英语时，必须先在脑子里形成一句汉语，再把这句汉语译成英语，这样说英语能流利吗？

这就是背诵或熟读的意义！

高中时，我的英语老师赵传信老师为了鼓励我们多背诵，讲了这样一个故事：

有 一位中国船长在船只靠近一个欧洲国家的港口时，迎接到了当地港口的领港员登上甲板。在他们随后的交流当中，领港员发现这位中国船长的英语十分流利，于是问 船长：“能讲意大利语吗？”船长点头，于是领港员换用意大利语来同中国船长交流。当他发现这位中国船长的意大利语一点也不比他的英语逊色时，又问船长，“ 您能讲法语吗？”船长又点头。于是领港员又改用法语同船长交谈。过了一会儿，领航员又问船长，“您会说德语吗？”船长依旧点头。领航员又改用德语同船长交 谈。当领航员发现中国船长的四门外语一样漂亮流利的时候，他问船长，“告诉我，你是怎样把外语学得那么棒的？”中国船长平静地回答道：“我从来没有学过外 语。我只是背诵它们。”

真正促使我下苦功背诵英语的是一位姓吴的大哥。暑假时，我每天清晨看到他在背诵课文，便上去和他搭话。在同他搭话之 前，赵老师曾经请他到我们班上同大家分享过他的学习经验，我因而知道他的名字，也知道他上大学之前曾经也是赵老师的学生。他一开口同我说话，我就被他流利 的口语征服。我于是真正体会到了背诵带来的好处，从此加倍努力背诵我自己的课文。

想一想，假如通过熟悉《英语九百句》你能指望口语过关，那 么熟读或者背诵300篇课文，你的脑中又会积累多少句有用的句型呢。这些句子只需要你稍微更改一下人称或时态，就成了你自己的句子，你又怎么还会需要先考 虑汉语，再说出英语呢？而且假如你是先考虑汉语，才能说出英语，这样的英语怎么不会带有中国味呢？这样说英语怎么会流利呢？

没有观察到吗，－－我们周围很多人就是这样说英语的，所以他们的英语永远结结巴巴，永远是中式英语。

所以为了一口流利的口语，从今天就开始背诵吧。最起码，开始熟读吧！

ORA-12638

SQL*Plus Connection Fails With ORA-12638

Checked for relevance on 07-FEB-2008.

Problem Description:
==================== 

You have installed Oracle 8i or newer client software on your Windows machine. The SQL*Plus connection fails with
Connections via the listener fail with the following error:

 ORA-12638: Credential retrieval failed
     Cause: The authentication service failed to retrieve the credentials of a
            user.
    Action: Enable tracing to determine the exact error.

Problem Explanation:
==================== 

The Windows client is trying to use NTS authentication and is failing.  If
you do not intend to use NTS authentication, please use the instructions
in this document to resolve this error.

Search Words:
============= 

sqlnet, sqlplus, net8, NTS,
Sqlnet.authentication_services= (NTS)
ORA-12638

Solution Description:
===================== 

Comment out the line: SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS) in the sqlnet.ora file.
Alternatively, set the value to NONE.  

i.e.
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NONE)

This file is usually located at ORACLE_HOME\network\admin on the client.  

Solution Explanation:
===================== 

By removing the authentication request parameter in the sqlnet.ora file for
the client, a direct SQL*Plus connection can be established.

Get ORA-12638 Error when Connecting via SQL*Plus Using NTS authentication

Symptoms

ORA-12638 when connection via SQL*PLUS from using TNSNAMES resolution, and with SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS) set in the SQLNET.ORA file.

Cause

The user who starts the Listener Service and Database service are different. One of them is changed from default Localsystem(Logon as) to a domain user.

Fix

Set the Logon as Local system for both services or set it to domain user.

让今天过得比昨天快乐

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